Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Kemajuan Kecerdasan Buatan di Indonesia Menggunakan BERT dan RoBERTa
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Abstract
Kecerdasaan buatan/Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam beberapa tahun belakang menjadi pro dan kontra. Banyak pihak yang menyambut baik kemajuan AI karena dapat membantu meningkatkan kinerja tetapi tidak sedikit yang beranggapan AI dapat menjadi ancaman yang akan membuat Masyarakat dengan pendidikan rendah terancam dalam hal penyaluran pekerjaan dan aspek lainnya. Prespektif tersebut muncul hampir disemua platfom sosial media untuk menyampaikan tanggapan. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti memanfaatkan analisis sentimen sehingga dapat menggambarkan sentimen pada masyarakat dengan manfaatkan komentar masyarakat di kolom komentar YouTube sebagai objek penelitian dikarekan relevansi dengan topik sebesar 60-80%. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan Transformers BERT dan RoBERTa untuk labeling 5796 data yang dikumpulkan serta mengevaluasi menggunakan model indobenchmark/indobert-base-p1 dan flax-community/indonesian-roberta-base. Dari hasil ujicoba didapatkan BERT indobenchmark/indobert-base-p1 menjadi algoritma dengan kinerja lebih baik pada skema 1 mendapatkan akurasi validasi 84%, akurasi testing 83% serta skema 2 mendapatkan akurasi validasi 83%, akurasi testing 84% dibandingkan RoBERTa flax-community/indonesian-roberta-base berbahasa Indonesia meskipun algoritma tersebut merupakan hasil perkembangan dari BERT. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti juga mendapatkan sentiment negatif lebih dominan sebesar 53,6% hasil labeling Transformers BERT dan 52.2% dari hasil Transformers RoBERTa dibandingkan sentimen netral dan positif. Sehingga peneliti menyarankan adanya keterlibatan pemangku kebijakan untuk memberikan batasan yang jelas terkait penggunaan AI.
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